What influences the loss of skin moisture?

As the largest organ of the human body, the skin acts as a protective barrier. Water accounts for approximately 64% of its mass, and its presence in the stratum corneum is essential for maintaining elasticity, firmness and a healthy appearance. Skin hydration levels are affected by both external and internal factors:
● Atmospheric factors - low humidity, strong winds, UV radiation and indoor heating lead to excessive evaporation of water from the epidermis (TEWL - transepidermal water loss).
● Improper care - use of aggressive detergents, excessive exfoliation, lack of sun protection and use of cosmetics with a drying effect
● Lifestyle and diet - body water deficiency, smoking, alcohol abuse and vitamin deficiencies (especially A, E, C and B vitamins).
● Skin ageing - the production of natural moisturising factors (NMF), ceramides and hyaluronic acid decreases with age.

2. Why is it important to moisturise the skin?

Properly moisturised skin:
● maintains elasticity and firmness,
● has a better protective barrier against external factors,
● regenerates faster,
● is less prone to irritation and redness,
● slows down the skin ageing process.
A lack of water in the stratum corneum results in a feeling of tightness, flakiness and, in the long term, the premature appearance of wrinkles.

3. proven ways to moisturise the skin.

Effective skin moisturisation should be comprehensive and include action:
A. From the inside:
● Drinking adequate amounts of water (minimum 1.5-2 litres per day).
● A diet rich in omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, vitamins A, E and C and zinc.
● Supplementation with collagen, hyaluronic acid or ceramides (after consultation with a specialist).

B. From outside:
● Use of moisturising cosmetics containing hyaluronic acid, peptides, glycerine, urea, panthenol or allantoin.
● Correct application of cosmetics - in layers, on slightly damp skin.

4. How to moisturise the skin from the outside in?

Stage 1: Cleansing
Gentle cleansing is the first step to effective moisturising. Micellar gels, lotions or alcohol-free emulsions containing mild surfactants are recommended.

Stage 2: Toning
A tonic or hydrolat restores the skin's correct pH and prepares it for better absorption of active ingredients.

Step 3: Serum - concentrated hydration
Hyaluronic acid serums are one of the most effective moisturisers. Hyaluronic acid can come in different forms:
● High-molecular - acts on the surface of the skin to form a film that retains water.
● Low-molecular - penetrates into the deeper layers of the epidermis where it binds water, improving skin volume and elasticity.
In addition, biomimetic peptides stimulate collagen and elastin synthesis, improving the skin's ability to retain moisture.

Step 4: Cream - protecting the hydrolipidic film
Applying a moisturiser after a serum is an essential step in skincare. Cream:
● locks moisture in the epidermis,
● replenishes lipids,
● strengthens the skin barrier.
It is worth choosing creams with added ceramides, vegetable oils (e.g. borage, avocado), niacinamide and hyaluronic acid

Summary

Effective facial skin hydration requires a multi-level approach, combining both external care and attention to hydration. Key
Active substances such as hyaluronic acid and peptides play an important role in maintaining the skin's moisture content and delaying the ageing process. A properly selected skincare routine, based on scientifically proven ingredients, helps maintain healthy, radiant facial skin for years to come.